European Union Creation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

European Union Creation - Essay Example The European Union comprises of a majority of states in Europe. Starting from a membership of 6 nations it has grown to 27. The 1957 Treaty of Rome was the foundation for the European Union. Since then it has experienced many changes. The EU consists of common project and policies controlled by member nations. World War 2 was a watershed in the history of Europe. There had never been such a tremendous cost in human and economic which hit Europe so hard. There was a desire to avoid the horrors of war like the Holocaust, concentration camps, slave labour and the numerous other atrocities which were perpetrated in the war. There was also a yearning for an end to warfare since the horrors of modern warfare had been exposed in the conflict. The cold war was also developing between the Soviet Union and United States. The threat of annihilation from nuclear weapons remained. Charlemagne and The Holy Roman Empire were both historical examples of attempts to unite Europe. The Arab conquest of Spain, South France and Italy also led to the idea of a united Christendom against the Moors. There were also ideas about the peaceful unification of European following the threat from the Ottoman Turks. The end of the American Revolution also led to calls for a similar United States of Europe. The rise of nationalism and fascism in the 1930s would however destroy any dreams of United Europe.

Australian Administrative Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Australian Administrative Law - Essay Example In Australia, for example, administrative law involvement in decision-making cuts across tribunals, commissions formed by the government, and boards that act as part of law regulatory schemes in the country (Hocking & Guy, 2010). Principles of the ground review in Australian Administrative law (AAL) In the process of answering questions raised in workshop two of the Workshop Guide, it is necessary to understand the application of administrative law in Australia (Hocking & Guy, 2010). The AAL gives a work frame of the powers exercised by law agencies in Australia regarding the constitutional rights of the public (Hocking & Guy, 2010). Currently, Australia has a well-established Ombudsman system. It also promotes freedom of information to its citizens. Legislation governs the freedom of access to information by all people and their constitutional rights exist. The formation of legislations came as a way of grounds review brought about by western development (Hocking & Guy, 2010). In fu rther understanding of the principles of administrative law in Australia, events experienced in the factual scenario in workshop two are vital. In this case, the complainant is Miss Lister. It is stated in the beginning that Miss Lister is not an Australian by birth, but she is of Samkan nationality. She was using her Visa while visiting Australia (Hocking & Guy, 2010). ... The migration act states that upon reception of Australian Visa, the government must offer the applicant protection assuring him or her of security inside the country (Hocking & Guy, 2010). In case the applicant has fears of possible persecution in his or her country of origin on grounds of race, nationality or any other social and political stand, the country should offer protection. It is due to these articles in Australian law that Lister was using in her petition (Hocking & Guy, 2010). Miss Lister defends herself by claiming that if she happens to go back to her country, she would face persecution due to her Gonstranian ethnic background (Hocking & Guy, 2010). The case under which Miss Lister arguments lie was due to grounds review that took place in Australia’s law. The minister for migration, however, rejected the application citing inadequate evidence. Miss Lister used the law review act in the Australian law guide to appeal against the decision (Hocking & Guy, 2010). U nder section 32 of the law, Refugee Review Tribunal (RRT), a mandate to assist refugees, seeks justice after rejection of their applications. In respect to this provision in the law, RRT performed its duty and provided more material as evidence to support the complainant’s claims (Hocking & Guy, 2010). The evidence included documents from Samkan government and newspaper from media houses showing the extent of persecutions taking place in the country and the reasons. RRT has also powers to determine the case in favor of refugees after looking at the evidence available (Hocking & Guy, 2010). The RRT decision After looking at the evidence provided and the information from its tribunal, RRT exercised its duties to